The Rise and Fall of the Khilji Dynasty: A Study in Power, Reform, and Imperial Overreach in Medieval India – By Dr. Rahul S. Kharat Introduction The Khilji Dynasty, which ruled the Delhi Sultanate from 1290 to 1320 CE, occupies a distinctive and pivotal place in the history of medieval India. Though its reign spanned barely three decades, the dynasty transformed the political, administrative, economic, and territorial character of the Sultanate in ways that far outlasted its own existence. The Khiljis wrested power from the Mamluk (Slave) Dynasty through a bloody palace revolution, extended the frontiers of Delhi's authority deep into peninsular India for the first time, repelled repeated Mongol invasions that threatened to overrun North India, and under Sultan Alauddin Khilji, implemented one of the most ambitious and tightly regulated market control systems in pre-modern world history. Yet the same dynasty collapsed almost as abruptly as it had risen, undone by court i...
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